As a species, we suffer from many chronic parasitic infections scientists have grouped the major ones as “ neglected tropical diseases” in an effort to draw attention to their prevalence. (Dogs, cats, and other animals all have their hookworms these two are ours.) They have evolved to live within us, and they quietly plague us. There are two species of hookworms that thrive in the human gut, Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale. Roundworms are relatively simple organisms-the phrase “a tube within a tube” is often used to describe their anatomy-and more than half of them are parasitic. Hookworms are roundworms, which are members of the Nematode phylum, a stunningly successful group of invertebrates, at least four hundred million years old, and among the most numerous multicellular animals on earth. Some things haven’t changed, the hookworm least of all. The hookworm life cycle takes full advantage of human biology, human behavior, and human poverty.
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